A strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae evolved for fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass displays improved growth and fermentative ability in high solids concentrations and in the presence of inhibitory compounds

Abstract Background Softwoods are the dominant source of lignocellulosic biomass in the northern hemisphere, and have been investigated worldwide as a renewable substrate for cellulosic ethanol production.One challenge to using softwoods, which is particularly acute with pine, is that the pretreatment process produces inhibitory compounds detriment

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A spectrum of free software tools for processing the VCF variant call format: vcflib, bio-vcf, cyvcf2, hts-nim and slivar.

Since its introduction in 2011 the variant call format (VCF) has been widely adopted for processing DNA and RNA variants in practically all population studies-as well as in somatic and germline mutation studies.The VCF format can represent single nucleotide variants, multi-nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions, and simple structural variant

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Urban Art far beyond counterculture

Urban art emerged as a counterculture movement based on social, political and economic criticism.To shape these criticisms, interventions are made around city centers Game Bags and peripheries, in the most unusual places, such as bridges, sewers, abandoned places, train stations, house walls and top of buildings.Because it is done on the streets, t

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Brain basis of cognitive resilience: Prefrontal cortex predicts better reading comprehension in relation to decoding.

ObjectiveThe ultimate goal of reading is to understand written text.To accomplish this, children must first master decoding, the ability to translate printed words into sounds.Although decoding and reading comprehension are highly interdependent, some children struggle to decode but comprehend well, whereas others with good decoding skills fail to

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